тяжелые металлы

Impact of anthropogenic pollution in Tyumen on herbs vital activity parameters

Authors: Petukhov А. S., Kremleva T. A., Petukhova G. А., Khritokhin N. А.

The purpose of this study was the investigation of lipid peroxidation products and photosynthetic pigment content in cells of herbs of various species in conditions of anthropogenic pollution of Tyumen. The material for the research was collected near different plants of Tyumen: metallurgical, engine, oil refinery, battery manufacturing as well as highway pollution. The following species of plants were analysed: coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), red clover (Trifolium rubens), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and wild vetch (Vicia cracca).

Accumulation of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the Leaves of Plantago Major

Authors: Dyakova N. A.

Voronezh Oblast is traditionally important agricultural and plantgrowing region. The purpose of this study was to examine heavy metal contamination of medicinal plant products of Voronezh Oblast using the leaves of Plantago major L. that were collected in urban and agricultural ecosystems, exposed to anthropogenic impacts. The analysis was carried out using atomic absorption spectrometer MGA-915 MD, according to pharmacopeial methods. Accumulation of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc) and arsenic in 51 samples of P. major leaves was evaluated.

Еcological State of Soil in the System “Soil – Forest Plants”

Authors: Verin A. Y., Medvedev I. F.

The article considers the ecological state of the soil in the system: soil-forest plantations. Forest plantations enhance environmental sustainability and productivity in the soil-plant system, contributing to the optimization of physical properties and soil regimes. Improving the physical and water-physical properties of the soil, increases the water reserves in the soil, increases the processes of humification, restoration of potential and effective soil fertility. In the soil of the forest zone, the proportion of organic colloids increases due to root and plant residues.

Study of the Effectiveness of Using a Saprophytic Strain of Bacteria Bacillus pumilus for the Disposal of Xenobiotics of Hazard Class I–II

Authors: Uspanova D. M., Nechayeva O. V., Shurshalova N. F., Kameneva V. V., Bychkov A. R.

Using the model of silt sediments of different ages and soils contaminated with oil products, the utilizing ability of the saprophytic bacterium Bacillus pumilus was studied. It was established that 7 days after the introduction of silt sediment samples of B. pumilus culture into the samples, there was an increase in the mass concentration of copper, cadmium and lead ions, followed by a decrease in the dynamics after 21 days of bacterial exposure. The mass concentration of zinc ions in the sludge samples decreased in dynamics over the entire duration of the experiment.

Translocation of Copper, Zinc, Iron and Manganese in the Cultivated Oat (Avena sativa L., 1753)

Authors: Petukhov А. S., Khritokhin N. А., Petukhova G. А., Kudryavtsev А. А.

Due to rising anthropogenic pressure, heavy metal pollution of the environment becomes the significant danger. This study is devoted to the investigation of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn concentration in the oat and two types of soil, model polluted by metal sulfates. The method of atomic absorption spectroscopy was used. Cu concentration in mineral soil was much higher than Zn. When Cu and Zn were combined, also Fe and Mn, pairwise antagonism in mineral soil and in the oat was discovered. The oat accumulates Cu and Mn more actively than Zn and Fe.

Adsorption of Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ Cations Using Granular Glauconite Sorbents

Authors: Sineltsev A. A., Gubina T. I.

The adsorption properties of granular glauconite sorbents and their modified analogues against with respect to Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ cations were studied and compared with natural untreated samples. The process was carried out in a static mode. The maximum adsorption of samples and the calculated adsorption equilibrium constants were determined. It was established that modified sorbents possessed the most activity adsorption against cations in pelleted samples. Modification was carried during sequential heat and acid-salt treatment.

Lipid Peroxidation in Cucumber and Radish Seedlings Affected by Heavy Metals

Authors: Michailova I. D., Lukatkin A. S.

The effect of heavy metal ions (Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Pb2+)  in concentrations of 10 μM, 0.1 μM and 1 mM on the rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been studied in the 7-day-old seedlings of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.). It was revealed that Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions induced oxidative stress in plant cells, but Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions did not have toxic effects. The heavy metals effect on LPO increasing was as follows: Zn2+ < Pb2+< Ni2+ < Cu2+ for cucumber plants; Pb2+< Zn2+ < Cu2+ < Ni2+ for radish plants.

Influence of the Tengutinsky Oil-extracting Complex on Soils of the Reserve «Black Earth»

Authors: Buluktaev А. А., Davaeva T. D., Sangadzhieva L. K.

In article influence of the Tengutinsky oil-extracting complex on chemical properties of soils of the reserve Black Earth is investigated. Negative action of an oil complex is studied. Features of accumulation of heavy metals in a soil profile are revealed. It is proved that oil pollution of the studied soils leads to change of physical and chemical properties of soils. Consistent patterns of distribution of heavy metals in brown semidesertic soils are determined.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ АНТИТОКСИЧЕСКОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ СЕЛЕНОПИРАНА

Authors: Меркулова Е. П., Бородулин В. Б., Drevko B. I., Вайнер Г. Б.

Показано, что эндотоксемия развивается при всех патологичес-
ких состояниях, связанных с повышенным катаболизмом или
блокадой детоксикационных систем организма. Выявлено, что
2,6-дифенил-4-(п-метоксифенил)-4Н-селенопиран проявляет вы-
раженный антитоксический эффект при параллельном введении
с тяжелыми металлами, но не эффективен при хроническом от-
равлении.
 

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПОЧВЕННО-РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПОКРОВА КАРЬЕРА ГЛИНОГИПСА

Authors: Бадмаева З. Б., Sangadzhieva L. K., Davaeva T. D.
Карьеры, возникающие после выемки глиногипса для строи-
тельных целей, являются одной из часто встречаемых форм
техногенного ландшафта. После выработки на карьерах на-
чинаются процессы естественного зарастания, в ходе кото-
рого возникают фитоценозы, отличающиеся от окружающих
естественных растительных сообществ. Результаты анализов
показали, что почвогрунты под растительностью карьера обо-
гащены тяжелыми металлами (ТМ). Превышение ПДК отмече-

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