ternary system

Phase Equilibria and Salting Out of Butyric Acid in the Sodium Chloride – Water – Butyric Acid Ternary System

Authors: Cherkasov D. G., Hrykina A. V., Umetchikov V. A., Smotrov M. P.

Phase equilibria in the water–butyric acid binary system in the range of −10÷0° C and in the sodium chloride–water–butyric acid ternary system in the range of 10.0÷60.0° C were studied using the visual polythermal method. The phase diagram of the water–butyric acid binary system at −9.5° C is characterized by eutectic equilibrium, the solid phases of which being ice and butyric acid crystals. The metastable delamination range was found on the ice crystallization field, bounded by a binodal curve with an upper critical solution temperature of −3.7° C.

Extractive Crystallization of Salt and Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System Sodium Nitrate – Water – Dipropylamine

Authors: Mezhueva M. A., Danilina V. V., Kurskii V. F., Cherkasov D. G.

Phase equilibria in the ternary system sodium nitrate – water – dipropylamine where the constituent binary liquid system is characterized by a trend to form a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) were studied using the visual-polythermal method in the range −10.0–90.0° C. It was found that the introduction of sodium nitrate into the water – dipropylamine system led to a significant decrease in the mutual solubility of the components.

Data Approximation for Plotting the Binodal Curve on the Phase Diagrams of Some Ternary Salt – Water – Isopropyl (n-Propyl) Alcohol Systems

Authors: Cherkasov D. G., Il’in K. K.

A brief review of computational methods for the liquid-liquid equilibrium has been carried out, and their capabilities and limitations have been shown. Complications of such computational models for the liquid–liquid–solid equilibrium lead to a decreased accuracy of calculations. In this case, it is advisable for researchers to make use of the approximation of experimental data on the liquid – liquid and liquid – liquid – solid equilibria.

Formation of Continuous Series of Solid Solutions in Salt Systems

Authors: Garkushin I. K., Chugunova M. V., Burchakov A. V., Milov S. N.

Formation of continuous series of solid solutions in ternary and more component systems (reciprocal systems) without extremum in liduidus of binary systems, consist of metals, oxides, salts has been devoted to a considerable number of works. Solid solutions are solid two- or multicomponent homogeneous systems of variable composition (for example, type А xB1-x), in which atoms or ions of components, mixing in different ratios (0 <x <1), form a common crystal lattice, characteristic of one of components.

Phase Equilibria in the Ternary System “Potassium Iodide – Water – Tert-Butyl Alcohol” within 5–30°C

Authors: Varlamova Т. М.

Studying of the influence of the salt nature and temperature on the liquid-liquid equilibrium in the ternary systems “salt – binary solvent” is topical for the development of the salting-in–salting- out theory. In addition, the ternary potassium iodide-water-alcohol systems are constituents of the quaternary iodine – potassium iodide – water – alcohol ones, studying of which is of practical interest in terms of determining the mixed solvent compositions with the highest iodine-dissolving power.

Phase Diagrams of the Ternary Systems Potassium Carbonate + Water + Hydrocarbon at 25°С

Authors: Il’in K. K., Cherkasov D. G., Kapustina D. V.

The phase diagrams of the ternary systems potassium carbo- nate+water+hydrocarbon (toluene, n.dodecane) at 25°С were first studied by means of the methods of sections and isothermal titration. The phase diagrams of both systems belong to those of ternary systems with salting-out of the binary heterogeneous system. Potassium carbon- ate sesquihydrate is the solid phase of monotectic equilibrium. Nine tie lines were drawn on the delamination field of the phase diagram of each ternary system.