Chemistry

Adsorption of organic reagents by natural bentonites modified with aluminum and iron (III) polyhydroxocations

Authors: Nikitina N. V., Lamikhova A. P., Nikitina N. V., Kazarinov I. А.

The effective nanostructured sorbents based on natural bentonite modified with aluminum and iron (III) polyhydroxocations were obtained. The elemental composition of the obtained sorbents was studied. The specific surface area was determined for the studied samples. It was shown that modified sorbents based on natural bentonite were nanostructured objects. IR spectroscopy showed that modification of natural bentonite led to the changes in its structural properties.

Branched polymers of N-isopropylacrylamide: A 2005–2020 review of english literature

Authors: Bayburdov T. А., Shmakov S. L.

The search and the analysis of English scientific literature from 2005 to 2020 devoted to the methods of obtaining branched polymers and copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide were made in order to obtain novel materials with valuable properties. It was found that modern methods of controlled radical polymerization were mainly used for this purpose, namely, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), polymerization with reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and group transfer polymerization (GTP). In most cases the original compounds were the chain transfer agents in RAFT.

“Electronic tongue” multi-systems for the separate determination of cefotaxime and cefazoline

Authors: Kulapina E. G., Dubasova A. Е., Kulapina O. I., Ankina V. D.

. Electroanalytical properties of unmodified and modified by polyaniline and by CuO nanoparticles solid-contact potentiometric sensors which are based on associates of tetradecylammonium with complex compounds of silver (I) with cephuroxime, cephotaxime and cephazoline Ag(β-lac)2TDA in solutions of corresponding antibiotics were studied. It was revealed that Ag(β-lac)2TDA –based sensors had no specificity to the basic ion but showed sensitivity to other cephalosporins.

Atomic Force Microscopy Study of the Surface of Films of Chitosan and Its Salts with Organic Acids

Authors: Rudenko D. A., Bratashov D. N., Shipovskaya A. B.

The results of the study of the morphology and surface topography of chitosan films of the salt (S-) and basic (B-) chemical form by atomic force microscopy are presented. The films were cast from polymer solutions in acetic, lactic, citric and succinic acid. NaOH and triethanolamine were used for the salt → chitosan base reaction. Surface tomograms were obtained; the main morphological characteristics and roughness parameters of the film samples were estimated.

Chromatographical Analysis of Meldonium with Preliminary Concentration by Solid-Phase Extraction on Magnetite Nanoparticles

Authors: Sumina E. G., Reshetnikova I. S., Uglanova V. Z., Yurasov N. A.

A comprehensive method for meldonium analysis, based on a combination of magnetic solid-phase concentration of the analyte on magnetite nanoparticles modified with cetylammonium bromide (CTAB) cations and its subsequent analysis by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) were developed in the process of study. The influence of a number of factors on meldonium sorption was studied, namely: pH, sorbent mass, sorption and mixing times; optimal extraction conditions were determined. It was found that quantitative sorption proceeded in 20 min with a meldonium extraction degree of 88%.

Optimization of the Conditions for Determining 2,4-D and Deltamethrin by HPLC

Authors: Melikhova E. V., Farafonova O. V.

The paper presents the results of optimizing the conditions for the chromatographic determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and deltamethrin for two capillary columns (Supelcosil LC-18, Kromasil C-18). The modes of individual chromatography of pesticides were selected. The use of the isocratic elution mode in the joint presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and deltamethrin was shown and experimentally proved to be invalid. Three options were proposed for the conditions of the gradient mode of the separate detection of analytes in a mixture.

Synthesis and Heterocyclization of 4-Hydroxy-3 - ((2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex1-en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2H-chromen-2-ones

Authors: Kostritsky A. Y., Nakonechnikova M. G., Fedotova О. V., Pchelintseva N. V.

The possibility of obtaining asymmetric 1,5-diketones based on 4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one and dimedone by three-component condensation in the presence of L-proline as a catalyst is shown. As a result, a series of 4-hydroxy3 - ((2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex1-en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2H-chromen-2-ones was obtained with a yield of 25 up to 73%. The study revealed that the highest yield was observed for compounds containing fragments of ortho-substituted aldehydes capable of forming a hydrogen bond. For meta- and para-substituted – the lowest yield was observed.

Application of Mathematical Model of Adsorber for the Development and Optimization of Adsorption Modes

Authors: Nikiforov I. A., Krivonosov A. A., Nikiforov A. I., Chesnokov E. A.

A mathematical model of the adsorber was developed using the Toth equation. Microporous mordenite was synthesized to confirm model validation. The structure and characteristics of the obtained sorbent were confirmed by SEM, N2 adsorbtion, XRD and XRF methods. Adsorption of the hydrogen-methane mixture on H-form of synthesized mordenite was carried out at the pressure of 2 MPa and the temperature range of 20–35 °С. Based on the mathematical model of the adsorber, the possibility of developing a process for separating a mixture of hydrogen and methane at high pressure was shown.

Physico-Chemical Principles of Structure Formation of Gypsum Binding Materials

Authors: Kuzmina R. I., Yerzhanova N. S., Kunasheva Z. K.

The article shows the results of the study of composite materials obtained by the modification of mineral resources with active mineral components, which is the main direction in the production of new materials of high quality. In this work, binding materials were obtained on the basis of construction gypsum and carbonate drilling sludge, which is a retarder of the setting time as well. The physical and chemical properties, the structure of the system, and the phase influence of the modifier on the structure and hardening of the obtained new materials were investigated.

Density Calculation for Mixture Melts of LiF + NaF

Authors: Garkushin I. K., Lavrenteva O. V., Nikitina A. S., Andreeva Y. A.

Salt mixtures are used as molten electrolytes of chemical current sources, solvent melts of inorganic substances, heat storing compositions, fluxes for welding and soldering. Modern coolants include alkali metals and their halogenides. Lithium-containing thermofors have a special place. Density is one of the important properties of the melts used. The paper presents the analytical description of the density for the mixture melts of LiF + NaF of various compositions in the temperature range of 1130 ... 1320° K.

Pages