Biology

Application of New Instrumental Methods for Evaluation of the Functional State of Cells of Francisella Tularensis in a Stressful Environment

Authors: Borisova S. V., Kuznetsova E. M., Erokhin P. S., Volokh O. A.

The structure of the cell surface reflects the functional state of the bacterium as a whole. The presence of specific features of cells affects the biophysical characteristics of their surface: charge, free energy and hydrophobicity. The interaction of bacteria with biomolecules and particles is also related to these surface characteristics. The aim of our work was to study the function of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG cells under cultivation under stress using electro-optical (EO) monitoring.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Effects Using Coatings Based on Metal Nanoparticles (Ag, Au)

Authors: Tuchina E. S., Gvozdev G. A., Kosobudskiy I. D., Shih W., Tuchin V. V.

The combined effect of coatings based on nanoparticles of metals Ag, Au, ultraviolet (365 nm, UVR) and infrared (808 nm, IRR) radiation on Staphylococcus aureus 209 P was studied. Decrease in numbers was shown by 2% in the case of silver coatings and by 8% in the case of gold coatings after 1 h incubation. However, exposure of the IRR to bacterial suspensions caused the death of 43% of the population after 5 min, 86% of the population after 30 min.

Changes in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability under the Influence of Loud Sound

Authors: Esma S. A., Abdurashitov A. S., Namykin A. A., Shirokov A. A., Lykova E. Y., Sarantseva E. I., Iskra T. D., Vodovozova E. L., Khorovodov A. P., Terskov A. V., Mamedova A. T., Agranovich I. M., Klimova M. M., Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O. V.

The development of methods of drug delivery to the brain is one of the priorities of the therapy of most cerebral diseases. There are more than 70 technologies to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but many of them are not widely used in daily clinical practice, as they lead to negative consequences. Here we propose a new method of overcoming the BBB using loud sound (110 dB, 370 Hz, duration – 2 hours).

The Phytotesting of (thio)semicarbazones 2,4-diarylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-en-9-ones

Authors: Mironova N. V., Korobko V. V., Pchelintseva N. V., Krylatova J. G., Zhestovskaya E. S.

Biological testing of (thio) semicarbazones 2,4-diarylbicyclo [3.3.1] non2-en-9-ones, differing in the nature of aryl substituents and nucleophile, was carried out.The object of the study was seedlings of spring soft wheat Triticum aestivum L. of the Saratovskaya 36 variety. To assess the physiological activity of the tested compounds, we used a valuable analysis of the morphometric parameters of growth of the root system and shoots of the test and control plants and the quantitative content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids in the first leaf.

Vitality Structure and Ontogenetic Strategy of DeLPHINIUM litwinowii (Ranunculaceae)

Authors: Bogoslov A. V., Kashin A. S., Shilova I. V., Kritskaya T. A., Parhomenko A. S., Grebenyuk L. V.

The article presents the results of a study of the vitality structure of four Delphinium litwinowii Sambuk coenopopulations from the Penza, Tambov and Voronezh regions in the period from 2017 to 2018. The most northern coenopopulation from Penza region in 2017 showed the strongest vitality, while the weakest was the Voronezh’ coenopopula- tion, located to the south, near the village of Vladimirovka. Most of the coenopopulations over the observation period are rated as prosperous; coenopopulation from the vicinity of the village of Vladimirovka is de- fined as depressive.

Induction of Direct Organogenesis in the Culture of Mature Embryo in Maize

Authors: Humood B. M., Yudakova O. I.

Regeneration of plants in vitro through direct organogenesis allows the avoidance of somaclonal variation. The aim of our study was the induction of direct organogenesis in the culture of mature embryo in maize lines created at Saratov State University: ATTM (bm, wx, y), ATTM (bm, y), ATTM (bm, g, V-type CMS), AT-3 (4n). These lines are characterized by genetic predisposition to parthenogenesis. The mature embryos isolated from sterile grains were used as a primary explant.

Polysaccharidebased Biological Activity of Extracts Isolated from Fruits of Crataegus Monogyna of Varying Degrees of Maturity

Authors: Laksaeva E. A., Davydov V. V., Kyarimov I. A., Kukhtenkova E. A., Arushanova V. V., Zlobina E. A.

The fruits of midland hawthorn (Cratae gusoxyacantha L.), as well as leaves and flowers have a complex composition. A water-soluble polysaccharide complex, flavonoids and saponins, and other biologically active compounds were revealed in them. Consequently, preparations made from the vegetable material of hawthorn have a high biological activity. A liquid extract of fruits and a tincture of hawthorn flowers, are widely used in medicine. These drugs are used for cardiovascular diseases, have a sedative and hypotensive effect.

Effect of the O-Antigen Chemical Structure in Different Subspecies of Francisella Tularensis on Immunological Reactions

Authors: Gorbatov A. А., Titareva G. M., Kravchenko T. B., Shaykhutinova R. Z., Gerasimov V. N., Mokrievich A. N., Firstova V. V.

The greatest diagnostic significance for tularemia is played by antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Previously, it has been shown that specific antibodies that appear in the blood serum of laboratory animals infected with virulent strains and people who have recovered from tularemia can bind both to LPS Francisella tularensis and to LPS Francisella novicida, while after the vaccination specific antibodies to LPS F. novicida are absent. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the structure of the O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide F.

Generic Spectrum in the Analysis of Flora in Samara-Ulyanovsk Volga Region

Authors: Ivanova A. V., Kostina N. V., Aristova M. A.

Consideration of the generic spectrum of flora is one of the elements of a general analysis of the flora of the study area. It allows to identify individual traits to a greater extent than the analysis of the family spectrum. The study of phytodiversity at the level of floras will allow in the future to clarify the patterns of their territorial location. Samara-Ulyanovsk Volga region is the territory within two administrative regions (Samara and Ulyanovsk) belongs to the Middle Volga region. It is very diverse in natural conditions.

The Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera), Collected by the Light Traps with Super Bright LEDs on the Territory of Krasnodar

Authors: Sazhnev A. S., Rodionova E. Y.

The collections were realized out in June – September 2018 using the original light trap within the city of Krasnodar. The article contains lists of 74 species (1252 specimens) of Coleopteran from 15 families: Carabidae – 13 species, Hydrophilidae – 12, Dytiscidae – 6, Elateridae – 6, Curculionidae – 4, Coccinellidae – 3, Heteroceridae – 2, Tenebrionidae – 2, Chrysomelidae – 2, Spercheidae, Scirtidae, Cantharidae, Bostrichidae, Anthicidae and Cerambycidae – in 1 species.

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