Biology

Study of Correlation between Growth Rate of Children and Monophtalate Concentrations in Urine

The study presents the results of determining of phthalate metabolites in urine of pre-school and primary school children by HPLC/MS. The correlation between growth rate of children and the concentration of phthalate metabolites in their urine was examined. The detected range of phthalate metabolite concentrations (mono-methyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-ethylhexyl phthalate) in urine of children was 0.0004–0.012 mg/dm3.

The Frequency of Apomixis in Populations of Chondrilla Species in the South of Europen Part of Russia

The monitoring of the frequency of apomixis was making in popu- lations of 7 species of Chondrilla in the south of european part of Russia. It is shown that the plants of 6 examined species (C. juncea, C. graminea, C. canescens, C. brevirostris, C. latifolia и C. acantho- lepis) are characterized by their ability to seed reproduction by apo- mixis. This fact is confirmed by results of a study of seed productivity of the species of the genus Chondrilla at the regime of blossoming without pollen and cytoembryological analysis megagametophytes of the same plants.

Biological Characteristics of Productivity of Various Breeding and Genetic Forms Winter Rye

The paper presents the results of a study of the biological characteristics of productivity of various breeding and genetic forms of winter rye, presented by grades and district of the Saratov breeding. Significant varietal differences in development of individual morphological parameters of the shoot. The number of leaves of the main shoot per plant in winter rye agropopulations different varieties ranges from 6 to 9 units, stem length from 1249 to 1660 mm, length of ear, from 75 to 139 mm, number of spikelets of spike – from of 27.7 to 40.2; the number of grains ear – to 64.8 36.0 units.

Photosynthetic Activity of the Dodder Cuscuta campestris (Convolvulaceae) in Case of Plant Inhabitation by the Gallformed Weevil Smicronyx smreczynskii (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

In the article parameters of photosynthetic apparatus and dependence of the efficiency and rate of photosynthesis on irradiance in flowering plant – parasitic dodder Cuscuta campestris colonized by gallinducing insect from the family of weevils Smicronyx smreczynskii were determined for the first time. Gall formation by Smicronyx smreczynskii is supposed to lead to the increase in the photosynthesis efficiency by the increase in the number of reaction centers of photosystem II of the dodder Cuscuta campestris

Prevalence of Nosocomial Strains Enterobacteriaceae Have Carbapenemases in Russia

In this article we have looked into the matter of antibiotic resistance among the group of nosocomial strains Enterobacteriaceae which has been determined by the production of carbapenemases. In 2014 there were revealed four types of enzymes and six types of enterobacterias. The main causative agent of nosocomial infections and the major host of the acquired carbapenemases gene is Klebsiella pneumonia. There were cases of carbapenemases’ production about extramural flora of hospitalized patients.

Breaking Physical Dormancy of the Laburnum anagyroides Seeds by in vivo and in vitro Conditions

Laburnum anagyroides Medik. is a popular ornamental tree native to the Mediterranean region. Its seeds are characterized of a physical dormancy, complicating seed reproduction. The present study was conducted to identify the seed dormancy breaking treatments to improve seed germination. The various stratification techniques (cold and warm treatments, alternate temperature regime) were tested. Simultaneously, the seeds were germinated in soil and on different nutrient media in vitro.

The Analysis of Phytophagous Mammals Trophic Activity in Different Biocenoses

The aim of the item is to collect and analyse the literature material of many researchers on trophic activity of phytophagous mammals. The characteristic of phytophagous animals’ feeding base has been given. The main emphasis in the collected material was put on ungulates, in particular on the elk as the largest dendrophage (wood-eating animal) of forest biocenoses in Russia. As a result of analysing the collected material the animals’ influence on plants has been shown, the alienation reaction of tree and bush species which are the main feeding base of phytophages has been indicated.

Fragmentation of Quercetin and Naringenin and Photoinduced Processes under Laser Desorption/Ionization Conditions

We found that under laser desorption and ionization conditions, quercetin, belonging to the flavonol family, undergoes a decay, which occurs through a photoinduced reaction followed by dimerization of the forming biradical and by the subsequent fragmentation of the dimer. Naringenin, belonging to the flavonone family, also undergoes similar fragmentation, but owing to the lack of conjugation in the C ring, the forming biradical particle is not capable of further dimerization in the same way as observed for quercetin because of its low stability.

Acoustic Communication Signals between Ants of the Genus Formica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Myrmecophilous Beetles of the Genus Scydmaenus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

In the article was given the mathematical approaches to classification and clustering of data of acoustic signals in communication between myrmecophilic beetles (Scydmaenus hellwigii) and ants (Formica rufa). For the first time for these species were used a cluster analysis which revealed four clusters, each of them has its own command from the beetle to the ant. Each command was defined by specific ranges of dominant frequencies and a range of medium amplitudes (the values of the parameters R).

The Female Gametophyte Structure Features of Two Nicotiana Tabacum L. Mutant Lines

The embryo sacs structure in the two mutant lines of Nicotiana tabacum L. was investigated. The various disturbances in the megagametopyte structure were detected. In the М-3 line the gametophyte mutation suppresses the nucleus mitotic activity and cell walls initiation in embryo sacs. These disturbances lead to the formation of low-nuclear coenocytic or cellular gametophytes. In М-2 line the cellular gametophytes with increased number of cells and nucleus was dominated. The reason of this phenomenon is an increase of mitosis number during a gametophytogenesis.

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