Search articles

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).

Adaptive Variability of Willow White (Salix alba L.) in the Conditions of Technogenic Pollution of the Environment (South Ural Region)

Authors: Kulagin A. Y., Ishbirdin A. R., Tagirova O. V.

The peculiarities of adaptation and variability of Salix alba L. at the morphological level were studied in extreme natural and technogenic conditions of the Southern Urals. It was found that Salix alba is characterized by a wide ecological valence, and in terms of morphological variability – is stable morphological structure. The influence of geographical, climatic and anthropogenic factors on the level of morphological integration of Salix alba was revealed.

Assessment of Radionuclide Pollution of Medicinal Vegetable Raw Materials of the Voronezh Region on the Example of Flowers of Pizhma Ordinary

Authors: Dyakova N. A.

The Voronezh region traditionally is the most important region of crop production and agriculture. A research objective was the study of pollution by natural and artificial radionuclides of medicinal vegetable raw materials in the Voronezh region on flowers of a tansy ordinary, collected across all territory of the area in urbo-and the agroecosystems which are affected by various anthropogenic influence.

Abundance Dynamics of European Badger (Meles meles L.) in the Saratov River Bank for 2011–2018

Authors: Bokhina О. D.

European badger Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758) – is the largest representative of the marten family in the European part of Russia. The eastern part of the range of the European subspecies M. meles meles, which was the study area, is confined to the Saratov Right Bank. The site is characterized by a variety of biotopic, orographic and anthropogenic conditions that affect the number of badgers, their spatial distribution over the territory and population structure. The article analyzes the number of European badgers that live on the territory of the Saratov Right Bank.

Еcological State of Soil in the System “Soil – Forest Plants”

Authors: Verin A. Y., Medvedev I. F.

The article considers the ecological state of the soil in the system: soil-forest plantations. Forest plantations enhance environmental sustainability and productivity in the soil-plant system, contributing to the optimization of physical properties and soil regimes. Improving the physical and water-physical properties of the soil, increases the water reserves in the soil, increases the processes of humification, restoration of potential and effective soil fertility. In the soil of the forest zone, the proportion of organic colloids increases due to root and plant residues.

Accumulation of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the Leaves of Plantago Major

Authors: Dyakova N. A.

Voronezh Oblast is traditionally important agricultural and plantgrowing region. The purpose of this study was to examine heavy metal contamination of medicinal plant products of Voronezh Oblast using the leaves of Plantago major L. that were collected in urban and agricultural ecosystems, exposed to anthropogenic impacts. The analysis was carried out using atomic absorption spectrometer MGA-915 MD, according to pharmacopeial methods. Accumulation of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc) and arsenic in 51 samples of P. major leaves was evaluated.

Study of the Effect of Antibiotics of Various Groups on the Nitrification Activity of Sod-podzolic Soil by the Method of Laboratory Modelling

Authors: Kosmacheva A. G., Chesnokova S. M., Trifonova T. A.

An increase in the number of drugs, including antibiotic substances entering the environment, necessitates studies of their impact on the functioning of ecosystems. In the global cycle of substances, the nitrogen cycle is one of the main processes. An important role is played by the nitrification process. For the first time, the effect of antibiotics of different groups: oxytetracycline, tylosin, benzylpenicillin on the nitrifying activity of sod-podzolic soil under their individual and combined exposure by laboratory modeling, was studied.

Accumulation of Heavy Metals and Arsenic by Medicinal Plant Raw Material of Bitter Hollow

Authors: Dyakova N. A.

The Voronezh region is traditionally the most important area of crop production and farming. The purpose of the study was to study the contamination by heavy metals of medicinal vegetable raw materials of the Voronezh region using the example of grass of the bitter emery collected in urban and agro-ecological systems, which experience various anthropogenic effects. The accumulations of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium) and arsenic were studied, in 51 samples of pooch grass bitter.

Vegetation of the Bog Brekhovo (Ulyanovsk Region). Recommendations for Regime Security and Use

Authors: Blagovetshenskiy I. V.

The Brechovo mire is a natural monument of the Ulyanovsk region, it is a stratigraphic standard of the Holocene period, the place where rare and medicinal plant species grow and has significant reserves of a valuable natural resource – peat. Currently, it is exposed to a number of anthropogenic factors, which causes concern for the safety of its natural complexes. The article is based on the description of trial plots (total 96 descriptions). Field geobotanical studies (area descriptions and geobotanical mapping) were carried out according to generally accepted methods.

Patterns in Natural Halophytic Grasslands at the Border of Forest-Steppe and Steppe Zones of South Ural

Authors: Nazarenko N. N., Malaev A. V., Pirozhenkova A. V., Bayda N. A.

The patterns (mosaicity) in natural halophytic grasslands at the border of Forest-steppe and Steppe zones of South Ural were characterized by the hierarchical continuum concept theory for the Troitskiy state natural complex preserve example. It was established, that the grass canopy is fragmented by salinization impact, the individual’s random distribution is typical of halophytes and salttolerant steppe species form patterns. Only the micro-patterns (0,8 m) level is statistically significant, parcels (8 m) and coenotics (12 m) are fuzzy and fragmentation of mosaicity is observed.

Impact of anthropogenic pollution in Tyumen on herbs vital activity parameters

Authors: Petukhov А. S., Kremleva T. A., Petukhova G. А., Khritokhin N. А.

The purpose of this study was the investigation of lipid peroxidation products and photosynthetic pigment content in cells of herbs of various species in conditions of anthropogenic pollution of Tyumen. The material for the research was collected near different plants of Tyumen: metallurgical, engine, oil refinery, battery manufacturing as well as highway pollution. The following species of plants were analysed: coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), red clover (Trifolium rubens), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and wild vetch (Vicia cracca).

Ecological features of plant communities containing Globularia bisnagarica L. in the Middle and Lower Volga Region

Authors: Shilova I. V., Parhomenko A. S., Denisov A. A., Kondrateva A. O., Kashin A. S.

The present article investigates the plant communities of the Middle and Lower Volga region that contain Globularia bisnagarica L. (G. punctate Lapeyr., G. willkommii Nylan) – the species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Stavropol Krai, the Orenburg, Samara, Saratov and Ulyanovsk Province, and Kazakhstan.

Population status and variation of the rare species Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase (Orchidaceae) under anthropogenic load conditions in the meadow phytocenoses of the Central Caucasus

Authors: Chadaeva V. A., Kyarova G. A.

We studied the variation of morphological characters, ontogenetic structure and vitality of seven cenopopulations of Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase within the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in 2015–2019. The studies were conducted in the meadow plant communities under different conditions of anthropogenic load (recreation and grazing). The species presents medium phytocenotic plasticity of morphological characters (I p=36–70%) and high variation of morphological characters (CVх–ср=18,55–45,22%) under changeable conditions of growth.

Phytoplankton primary production in the lake Kenon (Zabaykalsky krai, Russia)

Authors: Tsybekmitova G. T.

Located in the Amur watershed, Lake Kenon is an urban reservoir that hosts recreational and commercial fishery activity. The current status of the lake is connected with the Chita Thermal Power Plant No 1, the basin’s human population, and the density of railways as well as highways within the basin. From the start of the thermal power plant’s operation, the reservoir’s ion composition significantly changed from largely sodium and bicarbonate species to sulfate, bicarbonate, chloride, sodium, calcium, and magnesium chemical species.

Ecological safety and prospects of development of low-waste technologies in the biotechnology industry

Authors: Vol’nikov V. R., Ul’yanov A. Y., Salikhov R. R., Durakova O. S., Avdeeva N. G., Samokhvalova Y. I., Volokh O. A.

Environmental pollution with industrial waste is an urgent problem today. A special place in the list of pollutants belongs to waste from biotechnological enterprises and industries, whose activities are related to the production of various drugs. Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» is the only manufacturer of unique immunobiological drugs in the Russian Federation – bivalent chemical cholera vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin from horse blood serum (AIG).

Features of cultivation of the deadhead hawk moth Acherontia atropos (Linnaeus, 1758) on artificial nutrient media

Authors: Leontiev I. S.

The results of testing of the method of cultivation of the deadhead hawk moth Acherontia atropos (Linnaeus, 1758) using solid culture medium are given in this article. Optimal cultivation conditions for all caterpillar stages of this species are discussed. Information about bacterial infection of caterpillars which is caused by Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterial flora, is also noted in the results. Methods of treatment of this bacterial infection were selected empirically and also given use of bactericidal antibiotics (ceftriaxone) and selenopiran.

Morphological variability and state of Delphinium pubiflorum (Ranunculaceae) populations in the Saratov region

Authors: Bogoslov A. V., Kashin A. S., Shilova I. V., Parhomenko A. S., Grebenyuk L. V.

 The article presents the results of studying the morphological state of three populations of Delphinium pubiflorum on the basis of quantitative traits measured over four years during the period of mass flowering of plants. The greatest difference in quantitative characteristics was shown by the populations from the Krasnoarmeisky and Tatishchevsky districts of the Saratov region.

Dynamics of the demographic structure and variability of some morphological parameters of Calophaca wolgarica (Fabaceae) during reintroduction to the Saratov region

Authors: Denisov A. A., Parhomenko A. S., Shilova I. V., Grebenyuk L. V., Kashin A. S.

Preliminary results of studies on the reintroduction of Calophaca wolgarica to the territory of the Saratov region are presented. In the period from 2018 to 2020, the age structure of artificial plantings and changes in the morphological parameters of individuals within them were studied. It is shown that on the territory of the Saratov region, artificial plantings of this species are best located near the protected area “Tulip Steppe near the village of Maksyutovo”.

Spatial-ontogenetic structure of Globularia bisnagarica L. (Plantaginaceae) cenopopulations

Authors: Kondrateva A. O., Parhomenko A. S., Kashin A. S.

The results of studying the spatial-ontogenetic structure of five cenopopulations of Globularia bisnagarica L. on the territory of the Orenburg region and the Republic of Tatarstan are presented. Analysis of the age structure using the OntoParam program algorithm revealed the heterogeneity of ontogenetic spectra in most cenopopulations. Assessment of the parameters of average age, recovery index and ageing index showed that most cenopopulations are capable of self-restoration and maintenance of numerosity.

Ecological and cenotic characteristics of Colchicum laetum (Colchicaceae) habitats in the Volgograd region

Authors: Shushunov V. A., Shilova I. V., Parhomenko A. S., Kashin A. S.

During the flowering period of Colchicum laetum Stephen (September 16–19, 2020), seven habitats were studied in the Volgograd region. C. laetum occurs on small (0.006–4 ha) unploughed areas of the steppes adjacent to gullies. In the community, 28 species of vascular plants were recorded, including C. laetum, only 10 species vegetated (from 2 to 7 in the community): Artemisia austriaca Jacq., A. santonicum L., Bassia prostrata (L.) Beck, Cynanchum acutum L., Dianthus polymorphus M. Bieb., Euphorbia seguieriana Neck., E.

Macrozoobenthos Communities from Floodplain Lakes of the Volga River Valley (Saratov Region)

Authors: Djomina I. V., Ermokhin M. V., Polukonova N. V.

Macrozoobenthos from lakes of the Volga River valley were consists 99 species of hydrobionts (including 80 species of heterotopic insects). The greatest number of communities were determined in the lake Sazanka (in spring – 8, in summer – 5, in autumn – winter period – 9). Community Glyptotendipes glaucus, Polypedilum nubeculosum and Oligochaeta were prevailed during the year. Benthos other lakes include the least quantity of communities: Holodnoe lake – 3; Lenivoe lake – 1; Sadok lake – 1.

Pages