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Winter months’ temperature rises effect on duration of phenological phases for Spermophilus pygmaeus Pallas, 1778 populations located in Caspian depression (Astrakhan oblast)

Authors: Magerramov S. V., Marcocha К. S., Mandzhieva V. S., Yakovlev S. A., Popov N. V.

This article provides comparison analysis between 1950–1959’s and 2000–2009’s periods for duration and schedule dates of awakening, spreading and hibernation phases for Spermophilus pygmaeus populations located in the Caspian Depression (by example of Astrakhan Oblast). We learned that within a period of maximum temperature rise in February 2000–2009’s durations of S.pygmaeus’ populations of every phonological phase have shortened and been rescheduled with earlier dates (in comparison to 1950–1959’s).

Features of selection of winter wheat on grain quality

Authors: Kulevatova T. B., Lyashcheva S. V., Zlobina L. N., Starichkova N. I.

The quality of grain means a set of technologico-biochemical, baking and food properties determining the economic value of a grain variety. When choosing source material for selection, the degree of grain preservation in adverse environmental conditions is taken into account as well as the genotypic potential of grain yield and quality.

Additions to the «Flora...» by P. F. Maevsky (2014) for the Penza Region

Authors: Vasjukov V. M.

 Records of 94 vascular plant species from the Penza Region published before 2013 are missing from the 11th edition of the «Flora of the Central Part of European Russia» by P. F. Mayevsky (2014). An additional 22 species were discovered in the region recently. At least 29 species known in the Penza Region are completely missing from the «Flora…» – Stellaria subulata Boeber ex D. F. K.

Photocatalytic effect of led radiation (405 nm) and new Al2O3 3D-nanocomposites on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus

Authors: Svetlakova A. V., Tuchina E. S.

The progressive growth of bacterial resistance to antibiotic drugs requires the creation of highly efficient nanomaterials. Aluminum oxide is a stable non-toxic semiconductor material; however, the photocatalytic properties of its modifications in relation to microorganisms are not well understood. In this study, we used new 3D composites of aluminum oxyhydroxide (Al2O3 × nH2O) in three modifications (γ, α and θ), which are a mesh of 150 nm nanofibrils. The assessment of the photocatalytic antibacterial properties of the composites was carried out on the museum strain S. aureus 209 P.

Impact of environmental conditions on the vitality structure of the cenopopulations of the dominant tree tier in the forests of the southern part of the Volga Upland

Authors: Samsonova A. M.

The vitality structure of cenopulations of woody plants is formed under the influence of ecological, cenotic and anthropogenic influences. The study of the nature and degree of influence of the ecological parameters of the habitat will make it possible to predict the formation of the vitality structure of woody plants. The objects of study are individuals of the generative age state of three species of woody plants: Quercus robur, Tilia cordata, Acer platanoides. Environmental conditions of habitat were assessed by using range ecological scales.

Special features of fruiting in some Clematis L. cultivars from the collection of the Nikita Botanical Gardens

Authors: Zubkova N. V.

The article presents the results of studying the fruiting in 9 clematis cultivars under the conditions of the southern coast of Crimea. Morphometric characteristics of seeds, their weight and germination capacity are given. Potential and real seed production was assessed. It was found that the studied cultivars are characterized with high potential seed production, on average from 38.1 to 116.9 ovules per fruit, but relatively low real seed production, on average from 1.3 to 8.3 seeds per fruit.

Phytochemical composition in the vegetative organs of Hemerocallis hybrida hort. ex Bergmans (Hemerocallidaceae)

Authors: Sedelnikova L. L., Kukushkina T. A.

The article presents the results of the study of raw materials (sugar, starch) and biologically active substances (pectin substances, catechins, saponins, flavonols, ascorbic acid) in the leaves and rhizomes of Hemerocallis hybrida plants of the Speak to me variety during seasonal development during 2013–2015. The quantitative content of the main groups of substances in underground and aboveground organs during vegetation, flowering and fruiting was determined.

Morphobiology and assessment of the introduction possibilities of Leonurus cardiaca L.

Authors: Pikalova E. V., Kukhlevskaya Y. F.

The data on the study of morphometric parameters of one of the most valuable medicinal plants – Leonurus cardiaca L., growing in the collection site of medicinal plants of the Botanical garden of the OSU are presented. The parameters of samples, obtained from the cities of Samara and Kazan were compared . All the studied plants have passed the full cycle of their development with the formation of viable seeds. It is established, that the studied species adapts well to new growing conditions, while the morphometric parameters vary within the middle – very high levels of variability.

Evaluation of the secondary structure of poly-γ-glutamic acid produced by Bacillus subtilis EGP5QL12 by circular dichroism spectroscopy method

Authors: Chernykh M. V., Ibrahim I. M., Grinev V. S., Sigida E. N., Fedonenko Y. P., Konnova S. A.

An extracellular polymer was isolated from the culture liquid of Bacillus subtilis EGP5QL12 with the yield of 5,6 g/L. On the basis of the data of thin layer chromatography, colorimetric analyses and FTIR spectroscopy, it was established that the polymer is poly-γglutamic acid (PGA). PGA is widely used in medicine, cosmetology and the food industry due to its ability to bind water and metal ions.

Faunistic complex of mycetophilous beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the xylotrophic fungus Fomes fomentarius (Basidiomyceta) in the territory of the Saratov region

Authors: Mironova A. A., Sazhnev A. S., Anikin V. V.

This article describes the characteristics of the beetle fauna – inhabitants of fruiting bodies and the mycelial layer of the true tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius L.: Fr. and are considers some important aspects of the ecology of mycetophilous beetles. Coleopteran population of fruiting bodies of the fungus in five districts of the Saratov region is 63%. Two species from the family Staphylinidae (Gyrophaena joyi Wendeler, 1924 and Scaphisoma boreale Lundblad, 1952) have been recorded on growing and / or spore bearing fruiting bodies.

Obtaining a fluorescently labeled endophytic strain of bacteria Herbaspirillum lusitanum P6-12 for their detection in vivo and in vitro

Authors: Bagavova A. R., Velichko N. S., Fedonenko Y. P.

The Herbaspirillum lusitanum P6-12 strain containing the vector plasmid pJN105TurboGFP, which encodes the synthesis of the green fluorescent protein GFP, and which has resistance to the antibiotic gentamicin, was obtained by electroporation. The constructed strain of H. lusitanum P6-12 in cultural, morphological and biochemical properties did not differ from the original typical natural strain of H. lusitanum P6-12. On solid growth media, the recombinant strain formed yellow-green colonies, fluorescent under UV irradiation.

Phylogeography of the scorpion M. сaucasicus (Nordmann 1840) within the range of the genus Mesobuthus (Vachon 1950) (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Authors: Poverenniy N. N., Anikin V. V.

Currently, new habitats of scorpions of the genus Mesobuthus have been established on the territory of the republics of Armenia and Dagestan. The aim of the study was to determine the phylogenetic position of scorpions inhabiting the territories of the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Dagestan. This study contributes to the development of ideas about the zoogeographic distribution of the scorpion fauna in the Palaearctic.

Obtaining viable Azospirillum brasilense SR80 cells encapsulated in alginate hydrogel

Authors: Kovrizhnikov A. V., Pylaev T. E., Zakharevich A. M., Konnova S. A., Kupryashina M. A.

Significant researches aimed at the greening of agro-industrial production are focused on obtaining immobilized bacterial preparations with preserved proliferative function and metabolic activity. Herein, we investigated the possibility of bacteria of the genus Azospirillum to be immobilized in Ca-alginate beads. A. brasilense SR80 cells, encapsulated in an alginate hydrogel, were obtained using the “soft” immobilization method based on physical binding.

The use of games as a method in teaching the basics of chemical toxicology as part of the ecological education of schoolchildren

Authors: Rastegaeva V. S., Pleshakova E. V.

In today’s modern technogenic world, forming an ecological consciousness, perception and thinking among schoolchildren is a vital task. Knowledge of chemical toxicology is essential for students of all ages to help protect and maintain a healthy environment. Given that toxicology is characterized by an increased level of complexity, the purpose of this work was to develop and apply gaming methods in teaching the basics of chemical toxicology as part of environmental education of schoolchildren.

Stress signals of water scavenger beetles Berosus frontifoveatus Kuwert, 1888 and Berosus spinosus Steven, 1808 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Authors: Rodionova E. Y., Sazhnev A. S., Kustov S. Y., Miroliubov A. A.

The study of acoustic signals from various representatives of insects, and in particular coleopterans, has a long history. In the Russian-language literature, systematic, faunistic and ecological studies on aquatic beetles, including those on the family Hydrophilidae, are widely known; however, studies on the bioacoustics of the coleopteran group are quite rare. The aim of our study was to study stress signals of two species of Hydrophilidae – Berosus frontifoveatus Kuwert, 1888 and Berosus spinosus Steven, 1808.

Saiga Diet (Saiga Tatarica L.) on Different Types of Pastures Caspian Lowlands

Authors: Belyaeva E. S., Larionov K. O., Belyachenko A. V.

Studied the power of saiga in the Caspian lowland in June 2011. Mikrogistologichesky cuticularscatological analysis of undigested food residues revealed a specific and quantitative differences in the diet of animals on two types of pasture. Analysis of feeds and their digestibility revealed optimal habitat for the saiga.

Biological Properties of Bacteria-assiociants (Myzus cerasi F., 1775) (Insecta: Homoptera, Aphididae)Biological Properties of Bacteria-assiociants (Myzus cerasi F., 1775) (Insecta: Homoptera, Aphididae)

Authors: Glinskaya E. V., Malyshina M. S., Peterson A. М.

The biological properties of bacteria-assiociants Myzus cerasi F. in territory of the Saratov region weree studied. 39 strains of bacteria were revealed. 66.6% of the strains were able to use glucose, 87.0% – fixed molecular nitrogen, 56.3% – had the ability to grow at 10 °C, 92.1% of the isolated cultures were alkalotolerant and grown at pH10. 

Protected Vascular Plants of the Nature Sanctuary «Burkinsky the Wood»

Authors: Reshetnikova T. B., Berezutsky M. A., Agishev R. G.

Results of research of flora of a nature sanctuary are given in this article «the Burkinsky wood». 31 types of the protected vascular plants included in the Red book of the Saratov region are revealed. The taksonomichesky, biomorphological and ekologo-tsenotichesky analysis of rare species is carried out. Paths of use of types of a nature sanctuary are defined.

Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias Jubatus Shreder 1776) Female Mating Behavior on Kozlova Cape Rookery (Kamchatka Peninsula)

Authors: Godyashcheva Y. S., Altuchov A. V., Belyachenko A. V., Burkanov V. N.

Cause-effect relationship has been identified for each of the observed mating event. There are a numbers of behavioral phases that occurring before and after a mating process. The most important factor that initializes precopulation behavior for males is an active aggressive behavior of females, indicating the behavioral manifestations of estrus. It was estimated that a high level of activity of females on a rookery after mating can cause other mating with another males.

Features of Klonal Micropropogation of the Mountain Ash, Var. «Granatny»

Authors: Reshetnikova T. B., Kashin A. S.

The optimum variant of explant sterilization of mountain ash var. «Granatnaya» for introduction in culture in vitro has been picked up. It is shown that the nutrient medium WPM with addition of 1,0 mg/l of BAP is optimum for klonal mikropropogation, spontaneous regenerant rooting being found only on nutrient media without hormones. It has been established that the optimum variant of the nutrient medium at the stage of rooting is 1/2WPM with addition of 1,0 mg/l of NАА. Steadily propagating culture has been obtained and regular development of regenerants has been reached.

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