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Cause-effect relationship has been identified for each of the observed mating event. There are a numbers of behavioral phases that occurring before and after a mating process. The most important factor that initializes precopulation behavior for males is an active aggressive behavior of females, indicating the behavioral manifestations of estrus. It was estimated that a high level of activity of females on a rookery after mating can cause other mating with another males.

Formation of elements efficiency of an spike wheat of different cultivar is analysed. It is offered to use for an estimation of potential productivity of a cultivar morphogenetic an efficiency index.

The hybrid gladiolus occupies one of the leading places among the huge number of perennial plants thanks to its decorative qualities and the timing of flowering. In order to select a site for the cultivation of gladiolus it is necessary to consider its requirements for agrochemical soil condition. The analysis was made of the soil territory the Educational Centre «Botanical Garden» of Saratov State University, which is used for the cultivation of corms gladioli. Necessary measure agrochemicals have been considered, in order to successfully cultivate gladioli in a botanical garden. 

The mode of seed reproduction in four species Calamagrostis of peninsula Kamchatka (Russia) flora has been examined (C. langsdorffii (Link) Trin., C. lapponica Wahl., C. neglecta (Ehrh.) Gaertn., C. sesquiflora Trin.). In C. lapponica and C. neglecta studied plants are characterized by highly degree of pollen sterility (61,2 and 24,8% respectively) and significant variation of pollen grains size (CV = 17,4 and 18,7%), which is typical for apomictic forms. The embryological particulars specific to apomictic plants were found in the analysis of female generative sphere too.

In the flora of the Chuvash Republic, 40 species of the genus are revealed. 11 of these (A. altaica, А. argutiserrata, A. barbulata, A. cheirochlora, A. exilis, A. gibberulosa, A. hebescens, A. oxyodonta, A. plicata, A. sibirica, A. vorotnikovii) are registered in the Republic for the first time. Earlier, two species (A. pustynensis Czkalov and A. obtusa auct. non Buser) were noted here erroneously. Species are revealed whose richness corresponds to the level seen in neighbouring regions and approaches the maximum possible.

The objects of the study were plants of 14 varieties of durum wheat Triticum durum Desf., permitted for use at different times in the period from 1975 to 2014. An analysis of the elements of ear productivity in durum wheat plants of Saratov varieties under the conditions of 2020 was carried out. The varietal features of the development of the spike of the main shoot were revealed according to a number of characteristics: the number of spikelets in a spike, the number of grains in an ear, the weight of a grain, the number of ungrained and grained spikelets.

In 22 small anthropogenic reservoirs with an area of 0.4 to 62 ha located in the territory of the Udmurt Republic, individuals of different fish species were captured and water samples were taken in late spring for analysis of NO3 –, NO2 – and NH4 + content. In many reservoirs, concentrations of ammonium exceed the maximum permissible according to the fishing standards for water quality, and in some this is also the case with nitrites.

The formation of the elemental composition of plants is a dynamic process, which is aff ected by a large number of concurrent genetic and environmental factors, and their signifi cance varies according to the conditions and the state of the environment. The goal of the work was to study the characteristics of the accumulation of 8 chemical elements in Scots pine wood under the infl uence of seasonal and ecological variability. The objects of our research were old-growth forest stands on the territory of the Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve.

In the conditions of the Moscow region, 10 samples of representatives of the genus Allium L. were studied, including: A. altaicum Pall., A. fi stulosum L., A. galanthum Kar. & Kir., A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch., A. pskemense B. Fedtsch from the section Cepa (Mill.) Prokh.; A. altyncolicum N. Friesen, A. ledebourianumSchult. & Schult. f., A. oliganthum Kar. & Kir., A. schoenoprasum L. from the section Schoenoprasum Dum.; A. komarovianum Vved. from the section Sacculiferum P. P. Gritz.