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Peculiarities of Modulation by Arginine-vasopressin the Regular and Non-Regular Spike Activity of the Suprahiasmtic Nucleus Neurons

Authors: Tkacheva М. А., Karyan S. D., Inyushkina Е. М., Inyushkin А. N.

The suprachiasmatic nucleus generating biological circadian rhythms in mammals and humans, contains a high proportion of neurons, producing arginine-vasopressin. In in vitro experiments on hypothalamic slices of rats, the comparative analysis of the effect of 20 nM argininevasopressin on the spike activity parameters of neurons with regular (n =23) and irregular (n=28) activity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus was performed.

Studying of Sorption Methylene Blue Onto Glauconite

Authors: Chernova R. K., Selifonova E. I., Shapoval О. G.

Sorptive properties of a natural mineral glauconite towards methylene blue were studied and a composite of both substances was obtained. Antibacterial activity of the composite has been assessed against Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P. An enriched fraction of natural glauconite was obtained by method of magnetic separation. Surface morphology of the glauconite was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The elemental composition was investigated using energy-dispersive microanalysis and roentgen fluorimetry, the texture – using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis.

Ability of Drosophila Melanogaster from Natural Populations to Adapt to Anthropogenic Genotoxicants

Authors: Belousova Z. P., Selezneva Е. S.

The results of long-term studies of the ability of the inbred population of Drosophila melanogaster living in a vegetable store to adapt to the genotoxic effect of a half-lethal dose of benzotriazole are presented. A part of the imago was taken from the population, afterwards they were bred on a standard fodder used for the Drosophila laboratory lines, this was done every ten years from 1980 to 2010. Female and male imago were separately subjected to a single exposure to benzotriazole in a semi-lethal dose.

Retrospective Analysis and the Current State of the Fauna of the Cyclostomes and Bone Fishes of the Saratov Region

Authors: Shashulovski V. A., Shlyakhtin G. V., Ermolin V. P., Malinina Y. A.

Dynamics and current state of cyclostomes and fish fauna of Saratov region is analyzed, on the basis of modern field research, collectible information and literature data. As a result of regulation of large and small rivers of the region, a significant restructuring of their ichthyocenoses took place. The overall index of changes in the species composition of the ichthyofauna was 49%, the final list (at the end of the observations) was 42%, and the index of intrapopulation changes was 51%.

The Preliminary Data about Spring Beetles Fauna (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Natural Monument «Rasskazan’ Lake» (Saratov Province)

Authors: Sazhnev A. S., Volodchenko A. N., Trushnov D. A.

In the article the results of short-term investigations of water-land biotopes of the natural monument «Rasskazan’ Lake» (Balashov district of the Saratov Province) is presents. Compiled a list of 67 species from 9 families Coleoptera. 8 spesies – Chlaenius nitidulus (Schrank, 1781), Demetrias monostigma Samouelle, 1819, Agonum versutum Sturm, 1824 Pterostichus ovoideus (Sturm, 1824), Lathrobium brunnipes (Fabricius, 1793), Stenus similis (Herbst, 1784), Plateumaris sericea (Linnaeus, 1761) and Notaris acridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) are recorded for the Saratov Province in the first time.

The Influence of Culture Conditions on Production of Exopolysaccharide of Streptococcus Thermophilus

Authors: Fokina N. A., Uryadova G. T., Karpunina L. V.

Isolated exopolysaccharide Streptococcus thermophilus. The conditions for the cultivation of bacteria for the maximum yield of the exopolysaccharide were selected. The bacterial culture of S. thermophilus was incubated for 48 hours in a liquid nutrient medium A. Welman at 38 °C, 180 rpm. on a thermostated shaker-incubator. As a source of carbon were used: sucrose, lactose and glucose. For the production of exopolysaccharide, the best source of carbon was sucrose. Isolation of the exopolysaccharide was carried out according to the J. Cerning method in our modification.

New for a Fauna of the Lower Volga Species of Centipedes and Millipedes

Authors: Volkova J. S.

5 species of millipedes, 12 species of geophilomorph centipedes, 3 species of scolopendromorpha centipedes, 11 species of lithobiids and 1 species of scutigeromorph centipedes are listed for the territory of the Lower Volga region (in the limits of Saratov, Volgograd, Orenburg and Astrakhan regions and Kalmyk Republic) as a result of processing of collection materials kept in ZM MSU, ZIN RAS, collection of the Department of Biology and Chemistry of the UlSPU and of the Department of Animal Morphology and Ecology, Saratov State University, and exploring of literary sources.

Influence of Lr-genes on Сharacteristics of Wheat Grain Structure

Authors: Prokhorova T. M., Stepanov S. A.

To protect bread wheat from rust diseases, introgressive resistance genes located in alien translocations are commonly used. In the literature there are no data on the effect of Lr-genes on the structures of the embryo grain. For the solution of these problems, developed lines Dobrynya, resistant to leaf rust. In work results of research of the anatomic-morphological structure of the grains wheat Lr-genes of resistance to leaf rust. The differences between the lines with the translocations on the main embryonic structures grain: the shield, the coleoptiles and the embryonic leaves.

Features Nutrition of Ants of Formica Genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the Forest Biotopes in the Vicinity of Saratov

Authors: Pavlova N. S.

Ants are essential component of ecosystems. They participate in soil formation, regulate the number of insects and spread the seeds of plants. The species of the genus Formica are most noticeable in the forests of the middle zone of Russia. The number and diversity of the prey of ants decreases in the areas experiencing a recreational load. To study the feeding characteristics of ants food objects brought in the anthill were seized. Invertebrates from 12 taxonomic groups were recorded in the prey.

Study of influence of Film Coatings on the Basis of Exopolisaccharides of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Healing of Burns in Rats

Authors: Uryadova G. T., Fokina N. A., Tyapkin A. Y., Shorina L. N., Karpunina L. V.

Was studied the influence of film coatings, created on the basis of exopolysaccharides (EPS) of lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus lactis B-1662 and Streptococcus thermophilus, on the healing of burn wounds in female rats. It has been established that film coatings contribute, albeit to varying degrees, to the healing of burns of grade IIIa in rats. The application of film coatings to the burn site was carried out immediately after the burn was reproduced and then daily for 28 days.

The New Finds of Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) in the Volga Region Forest-steppe Zone

Authors: Belosludtsev E. A.

We present the data on six spider species of 6 families has collected in the forest-steppe zone of Samara-Volga region. This paper was compiled from field gathering conducted in the Samara region during 3 years, and starting from 2004.

Selection of Chrysanthemum coreanum in the South-Ural Botanical Garden

Authors: Tukhvatullina L. A.

In article results of selection work on creation of new sorts of Chrysanthemum coreanum in Ufa botanical garden are explained, descriptions of 10 local new sorts are also provided. Their biometric parameters, decorative indexes and terms of blossoming are specified. The Chrysanthemum genus belong to Asteraceae family. Ch. coreanum – hybrid origin, a perennial plant with reinforced, more or less branched rhizome.

A Study of Iron-oxidizing Microorganisms for Possible Use in Biotechnology of Water Purification

Authors: Ngun C. T., Raguzina D. A., Pleshakova E. V., Reshetnikov M. V.

The ability of a variety of bacteria isolated from soil samples with high levels of magnetism of the city Mednogorsk to oxidize iron (II) in conditions of periodic cultivation in a liquid medium was studied. Investigating the increase in total biomass using its wet weight and analyzing its absolute bacterial biomass growth after 7 and 14 days of cultivation resulted in the identification of two microbial isolates with maximum growth rates. The wet biomass weight of these isolates (69.3 and 69.5) was 15.3 and 14.7 g/l after 14 days of cultivation.

The Study of Antibacterial Properties of Coatins Based on Metal (Ag, Zn) Nanoparticles in Silicon Dioxide Matrix

Authors: Tuchina E. S., Gvozdev G. A., Kosobudskiy I. D.

The influence of coatings on the basis of Ag and Zn metal nanoparticles in a silica matrix in combination with ultraviolet (365 nm) radiation on Staphylococcus aureus 209 P bacteria was studied. It was shown that the investigated coatings without access to light inhibit the growth of microorganisms by 45% after 3 hours of incubation and 55–70% after 5 hours of incubation. Enhancement of antibacterial properties of nanocoatings was achieved by exposure to UV (365 nm) radiation. The decrease in the number of studied microorganisms was noted by 75% after 30 min of exposure.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УГЛЕВОДОВ И СВОБОДНЫХ АМИНОКИСЛОТ ВЫСШИХ ВОДНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ

Показано изменение соотношения гликанов различной полимерности и свободных аминокислот в биомассе высших водных растений - рдеста пронзеннолистного и тростника обыкновенного, собранных на различающихся по степени загрязненности воды соединениями азота и углеводородами нефти участках акватории Волги в районе г. Саратова. Проведена идентификация и определение содержания свободных аминокислот в биомассе растений, выявлены аминокислоты, наиболее отчетливо реагирующие на загрязнение воды.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕТЕРОАУКСИНА НА СОСТОЯНИЕ ГИДРАТНОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ НАНОЧАСТИЦ АЛМАЗА КАК МОДЕЛЕЙ БИОМЕМБРАН И МАКРОМОЛЕКУЛ

В настоящей работе показано, что в качестве моделей биосистем молекулярного и супрамолекулярного уровня целесообразно использовать гидрозоли наночастиц ультрадисперсного алмаза, в частности при изучении воздействия различных факторов на водное окружение биологических структур. Изучено влияние индолил-3-уксусной кислоты на состояние приповерхностной воды методом флуоресцентного зондирования. Экспериментально установлено, что определенные концентрации индолил-3-уксусной кислоты вызывают значимое снижение подвижности воды вблизи поверхности наночастиц.

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МЕСТООБИТАНИЙ В ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ СООБЩЕСТВ СТЕПНЫХ ПТИЦ

Проанализированы основные направления сопряженного изучения характеристик местообитаний и особенностей сообществ степных птиц. Отражена видовая структура сообществ птиц в различных вариантах степей. Показано, что для выявления причин изменения плотности популяций и структурных особенностей сообществ необходима количественная характеристика местообитаний видов. Подчеркнута важность флористических исследований, показывающих, что птицы могут реагировать на присутствие определенного вида растений сильнее, чем на структурнью особенности местообитаний.

МОДИФИКАЦИОННАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ПРИЗНАКОВ МЕГАГАМЕТОФИТА ТАБАКА, ИНДУЦИРОВАННАЯ ФИТОГОРМОНАМИ

В условиях in vitro исследовалось влияние экзогенных фитогормонов на процессы формирования женского гаметофита табака. Показана зависимость цитологических событий мегагаметофитогенеза от концентрации фитогормонов. Отмечена определенная специфика реакций развивающегося гаметофита на ауксины (ИУК, 2,4-Д) и кинетин.

 

 

ЯВЛЕНИЕ ПОЛИГАМЕТИИ У РАСТЕНИЙ И ЕГО ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ЭВОЛЮЦИОННО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ

На основе цитоэмбриологического анализа различных видов дикорастущих злаков и линий кукурузы рассматриваются причины и возможные механизмы полигаметии - формирования в одном зародышевом мешке нескольких яйцеклеток. Обсуждается возможность позитивного вклада этого явления в репродуктивный потенциал особей и популяций.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ СИСТЕМЫ СЕМЕННОГО РАЗМНОЖЕНИЯ В ПОПУЛЯЦИЯХ РЯДА ВИДОВ ASTERACEAE

Основные параметры системы семенного размножения исследовали в 65 естественных популяциях 41 вида 29 родов семейства Asteraceae. Большинство популяций были амфимиктичными и аллогамными. Популяции Pilosella оfficinarum, P. echioides, Jurinea cianoides, P. praealta, Taraxacum officinale, Hieracium virosum, Tragopogon dubius, Latuca serriola и Chondrilla juncea были факультативно апомиктичными.

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